Prescribing in practice Essay

IntroductionThe following assignment will discuss and break down a prescribing episode, within class period, make headwaymore will discoverline safe prescribing from the Nurse Prescribing Formulary (NPF, 2013-2015).To be able to analyse and reflect on my new character as Community Practitioner Nurse Prescriber (CPNP) I will use Gibbs (1988) reflective warning and a structure that will allow the use of a character reference model (Appendix1,Fig1). The focus on prescribing within nursing profession was first brought into discussion by Royal College of nurse (RCN) in 1980 but has turn up to be cornerstone later was part of the government agenda as a result of Cumberlege report in 1996.This report outlined the need for guard to become a prescriber e superfluously in participation settings to provide customers with better c be, safe and practical access to medication (Nuttal, 2008). Furthermore The Medicinal point of intersection Prescribing toy 1992 outlined changes in cir cumstances including nurses as prescribers, followed by recommendations made by Crown Reports1999 that suggest that health visitors (HV)) should be authorised to prescribe from a particular list, identified as the nurse prescribers formulary (NPF). (DH,2004).ScenarioFor the role of this assignment all names has been changed to maintain confidentiality according to NMC (2008).The following scenario it is in relation to a situation experienced while on the morning screw up clinic working alongside my mentor .A mother Lisa come for a fixity weight represent for her 4 month old child called crowd .While discussing with Lisa her son weight progress ,she mentioned about her son having very dry scaly skin on scalp since birth moreover Lisa rationaliseed that sometimes skin on the scalp become like a patchy sour rash and pile regain uncomfortable , at times not settling. Edwards (2010) suggest that victimization a holistic assessment it is very important when coming in contact w ith the invitee as the problem presented back tooth have a drastic impact on the quality of life for child and the family. As a student below the supervision of my mentor we started a holistic assessment of James and finalise with a prescription decisiveness. I start by using open questions cerebrate to James general health and I askedLisa if she had any concerns but she confirmed back to me that there was no issues with his health since birth .To make sure that breeding provided by Lisa was correct and I have accuracy in details exposed I repeated back and she confirmed. As a student practitioner prescriber it is very important to maintain good practice and use assessment frameworks and quotation models as possibility to improve and gain better skills(Nuttall,2008).The ConsultationThe purpose of the consultation model in prescribing practice is to assist nurses in stationing strategies to deliver a diagnoses and ultimately the appropriate prescription .There are various con sultation models utilize in practice with normative or descriptive character , however for the purpose of this case scenario I will concentrate on Roger Neighbour 1987 consultation model. Moreover Neighbour (2005) outline through his model consultation as a journey divided by check points , connecting which is the first point where leaf node establish the relation with the practitioner is essential followed by summarising, handing over, safety netting and housekeeping. To progress further it is relevant to mention influence of communication skills in consultation process furthermore considering that nurse practitioners dont need different communication skills in comparison with other professionals prescribers (While,2002).However(While,2002)found that the need for appropriate environment that can maintain privacy and confidentiality could be a potential barrier during consultation rather than communication especial for those working in client homes. I accept Neighbour 1987 model for consistency and easy to befool in any circumstances moreover stand as a journey establishing relations with the client through empathy and in the same time place the need for balance between practitioner prescriber and client (Tate,2010).Another positive aspect that I took in considerateness when choosing the model was also housekeeping as practitioner have the opportunity through this section to become reflective to avoid any unresolved issues in the first place consultation is complete ( Neighbour,2005) .Despite the decision made to use Neighbour 1987 model I will move further and explain the process and prescribing decision using the principles of good prescribing pyramid ,( Appendix 1, Fig 2)(NPC,1999).Step 1Assessment Consider the patientThe beginning of consultation according to Neighbour,(1987) is connecting with Lisa and building a birth ,however in a noisy environment like the clinic I found this difficult .Despite this barrier I manage to find a sitting subject t hat appear to be more private and had the opportunity to manage a discussion with Lisa to establish that I needed to do a physical interrogation on James .As James was under 16 years of age , acquiesce from parent or guardian was needed ,therefore Lisa give a verbal consent as she was the biological parent (NMC,2013).To proceed further I use mnemonic OLDCARD to asses James with Lisas assistance trying to interact with her and find out if any physical or affective changes occurred.Bryans (2000) suggest that during assessment the practitioner should use knowledge, experience, recognition and prioritisation ,so to proceed further with a holistic assessment and identify symptoms that will help me to rule a diagnosis I snarl I needed to ask Lisa more questions .Following the identified symptoms and physical examination I conclude that this was provenience cap a form of seborrheic dermatitis mainly affecting skin on the scalp with patches and thick scaling and sometimes yellow crusty ( Sheffield et al,2007).It is important to rule out other conditions when taking assessments as sometimes cradle cap can turn into atopic dermatitis or fungal infection much(prenominal) as tinea capitis or easily misdiagnosed with crusted scabies (Yoshizumi and Harada,2008).Further continuing my assessment I was able to conclude that none of this conditions were present in James situation .It was important to discuss with Lisa during consultation family history that could provide additional support for my final diagnostic conclusion .Going thru such topic area Lisa explain that her husband James dad was suffering with atopic eczema since childhood .This was quite an important piece of information as such conditions like atopic eczema ( dermatitis ) are hereditary conditions much (National Eczema Society ,2011).Atopic dermatitis or eczema is a chronic skin disorder inflammatory with pruritic skin that appears mostly on the face ,neck ,bends of the arms or legs caused by the give way in the skin barrier( NICE,2013). Step 2Which Strategy?In order to progress further following discussion with Lisa under my mentor supervision as a CPNP V100 I made a prescribing decision based on the physical examination and the information provided I concluded that James was suffering from cradle cup (seborrheic dermatitis)(NICE,2013).Furthermore Lisa confirmed that James did not have any allergies and was not on any medication .It was important to relieve the discomfort and unsettling times for James and I decided to prescribe an emollient and a bath additive. Pendleton et al (1984) suggest that practitioner should discover client expectation furthermore should take in consideration other treatment options before prescribing .According to NICE (2013) greasy emollients and soap substitutes or bath additive helps to remove effectively the scales, further more regular washing of the scalp and gentle brushing can help to loosen scales. Another stage followed in the Neighbour (1987) is handing over period but after Justin skin on his scalp was carefully examined no evidence of infection was identified so no referral to the General Practitioner (GP) was necessary.Consider the choice of ProductAccording to NPC (1999) practitioners should use mnemonic EASE as can be seen in the chart below to choose appropriate cost effective ingathering for clients.EHow effective is the product?AIt is appropriate for the client?SHow safe is it?EIs the prescription cost effective?To make the appropriate decision for Lisas infant, under the supervision of my mentor I used the Nurse Prescribers Formulary (NPF) and decided toprescribe Oilatum Junior bath additive and cream as I considered this combination more effective in Justins treatment .Moreover the packaging was also appropriate as comes in a pump march and this could reduce the infection risks associated with emollients and types of recipients manufactured (NPF,2013-2015). When deciding the prescription products and quantiti es I also took in consideration Lisa requirements furthermore according to NICE guidelines emollients should be prescribe in large quantities approximately 250-500 grams per week and in the same time cost effective (NICE,2007).It is important when prescribing emollients to discuss with clients /parents /carers possible side effects even this products are considered to be quite safe ,however bath additives should be taken in consideration because tend to leave the skin slippery after bathing the infant( BNFC,2014) .When prescribing a product especially for infants it is important to educate the parent/carer how to use the product and make sure they are aware of any risks and side effects . carry off a contractAccording to (Courtenay and Griffiths,2005) when prescribing we should view the process as a shared decision-making between client and prescriber .The prescribing decision stands as a contract so it was important to remind myself that I should take in consideration Lisa satisfac tion with my decisions .To achieve all my actions it was paramount to have effective communication skills and ability to identify the appropriate therapeutic treatment .Throughout entire process I think that Lisa felt empowered as I hand it over to her the responsibility to apply the emollients on Justin skin ( Braid,2001).As I am not yet non-medical prescriber the prescription for Lisas son was written by my mentor and information leaflets regarding seborreic dermatitis were given to Lisa for further guidance.ReviewAccording to Neighbour (1987) consultation model this step relates to safety netting and refers to follow up of the consultation and possible outcomes. Furthermore together with my mentor we arranged to follow up in ten days to see if Lisas infant was making any progress and treatment was effective .Through this reexamine in ten day time practitioner can identify any more concerns of the parents and possible side effects of the treatment used(DH,2010b).Record keepingFo llowing guidance of the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC,2006) it is practitioner accountability to ensure records are maintain accurately and prescription details it is recorded in the infant health record (NPC,1999).Moreover I ensured the details of the prescription and the consultation were entered into general computer system within the next 4 hours following consultation and the GP also was aware of the consultation and products prescribed .According to (NMC,2006) details of the consultation and prescription should be entered into the computer system within forty eight hours with exception for special circumstances.ReflectionUsing Gibbs reflective cycle during consultation process with Lisas infant I had the opportunity to identify positive and negative aspects and reflect on the scenario. In the same time final part of Neighbours consultation model refers to Housekeeping and this stands as another stage that give me the opportunity to reflect on my prescribing decision and c onsultation .I felt that throughout the whole process I used safe and effective decisions even at times I felt a bit nervous however my mentor feedback was positive in regards to my performance .One aspect that I found difficult was the environment ,at the time the baby clinic was busy and noisy and it was difficult to find a private area to conduct the consultation ,but such issues I could reflect on it for my future prescribing practice .ConclusionThrough this experience I able to develop on my new role as V100 prescriber using specific tools like the consultation model and good prescribing steps .Furthermore I had the opportunity to apply appropriate communication skills and medical knowledge along with the legislation to conclude with a safe and effective prescribing practice . A new CPNP I can utilize different assessment tools based on a consultation model along with a decision making framework to support my practice and at the same time reflect on my ability to undertake a pa rtnership greet that responds to client needs and concerns. Definitely this experience has been with great importance for my educational journey as V100 nurse prescriber.ReferenceBaird, A., (2001) Diagnoses and prescribing .Primary Healthcare 11(5)24-26.Bryans, A., 2000. Providing new insight into community nursing know-how through Qualitative analysis of multiple data sets of simulation data. Primary Health Care Research and Development, 1 79-89.Courtenay, M., Griffiths, M., (2005) Independent and accessory Prescribing-An Essential Guide, Cambridge University Press. Department of Health (2004) Extending Independent Nurse Prescribing within the NHS in England. London The Stationery Office. 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