French Existentialism Philosophers Essay Example for Free

French Existentialism Philosophers EssayGabriel Marcel is known to be one of the more religious philosophers who was a French Existentialist. He was a committed Catholic Philosopher and he believed that by creation connected to others he will be connected to god. He believed that philosophy should be about hope and wanted to portray the more positive aspects of human characteristics through his writings and thoughts. Marcel has a belief that problems and mysteries were two separate ideas where problems hold out outside and apart from ourselves and mysteries were unsolved queries that were more internal to ones self. For example determining what a psycheate is, is a problem and determining what my body is, is a mystery. He believes that we can use primary and secondary reproachs in determine to seek a solution to the problem or mystery cosmos faced with. direct reflections use analytical skills to separate the thinker from the problematic aspiration in order to find a res olution. Separating the thinker from the problem is serious in order to effectively reflect and create intellectual and moral means to a solution.Primary reflections use means of abstracting data and using it in order to manipulate the world and deal with the problem that is non always black and white or a right or wrong answer. Primary reflection approaches problems from an objective permitpoint where the thinker is separate from the problem while the secondary reflection begins with the experience of existence within the problem and is used with reflection of a mystery. The secondary reflection is open to contemplation by looking at it as a unique comportment.The existence within the world is non a problem that needs to be solved because humanness and their bodies atomic number 18 intrinsically related to the world and they are in relation to each other, non objects or problems that can be manipulated. Marcel believed that Philosophy is a part of reflecting on a mystery a nd the mystery requires participation of the person reflecting because it is an experience of presence itself. A mystery involves you as an intrinsical part of the question which is a question of yourself and requires a solution by secondary reflection.A question becomes a mystery when it books itself into the down. Marcel believes that humans are increasingly becoming defined by their problems which cause alienation of themselves from themselves and also causing separation from others. The questions of organism and humans are mysteries within the Marcel philosophies. When someaffair is recognized as not being it cannot be a mystery. As humans we have a need for being with ontological exigence which consumes being upsurges of joy, happiness, hopefulness, expectations and desires.Being as a human means existing and experiencing the world and the subjects within it. Having something means exercising power over that thing by possession and rights to those possessions. By having right s over a possession can also enables that person to have the ability of disposal of that subject as well. Having something is variant from experiencing that thing, for example having a body is different form experiencing your body because you cannot rid yourself of your body without ceasing to be.Life is not identical to a persons being because being is the whole self which is more than life and it is what a person aspires to be. Humans can only evoke the fullness of being by pleasing with others and coming together as a community. Marcel promotes the idea of living I-Thou which opens up and enhances a persons being which God being the supreme Thou. The I-Thou idea requires a person to be open to the being of others within their lives and not living only for themselves. Marcel has an interesting stance on the subject of love and how it should be defined.He believes that love has to do with inner subjectivity and it is about seeking and experiencing the being of the other. Love is not about possession or having another person which is commonly thought to be the main definition of what love means. Marcel believes that a self does not love, but it is the self that is constitute by love. When we attach predicates to a thou we limit our love for another and its trust and faith which constitutes love in the being of the other. I always thought that love had to do with possessing and labeling a person or subject as yours.However, Marcels philosophy on love has changed my point of discover into believing that love is about fully accepting a person as who they are instead of trying to possess them and changing them into being an object of your desire and control. Part B In Simone Beauvoirs writing of The Ethics of Ambiguity she begins to elaborate on ethics and the importance of a moral cartel to overcome oppression. Moral acts and willing ones self free is an obligation of a person in order to become a moral person. With moral freedom a person is not free unless they can deal with free individuals.We all should strive for our freedom as well as the freedom of others and the freedom of all. The freedom to choose is shaped by social and political freedom of lot. Beauvoir believes that in order to free all we mustiness take a stand for justice especially in the political sense. We ought to respect freedom when it serves freedom, but not when freedom distances itself from itself. For example when freedom is used in the oppression and the abuse of others, we ought not to respect it in cases such as a dictatorship oppressing the freedom of its people.Oppressing an oppressor is justified even when it requires violence and in cases of people rising up and rebelling the person or the system that has been oppressing them it is justifiable. In such cases casualties of contend with sacrifices is justified when fighting for freedom because it makes it a just war. Simone Beauvoir states the truth is that if region and violence define war, the world has always been at war and will always be if man is waiting for universal peace in order to establish his existence validly, he will wait indefinitely there will never be any other incoming. (Beauvoir ) With this she means that if the only reasons for war are for violence to annihilate the other opponent because of division then war will never end and people will never micturate complete liberation. However, oppressing and oppressor should never be driven by blind faith. The actions must be considered fully well and deliberate over choice. Each circumstance should be considered on a case by case basis and analyzed by practical problems. Ethics emphasize physical and social interaction in relation to other human beings because of freedom.Authentic morality involves lock upment with the world that is not abstract intellectualism. People who sit by and talk about the problems and the tidy sum that accustom the world are not engaging with the world directly. Beauvoir stresses that in order to achieve authentic morality people must do something to engage with the world not intellectualize the problems within it. Humans have a moral commitment to liberate the oppressed individuals because it causes limited liberation of their own freedom.Oppressed individuals may not even know that they are being oppressed and this why it is important for others to enlighten them and help them become liberated from their concomitant. With an oppressed individual, their own belief that they are oppressed is what counts and this is why its an obligation of others who recognize the oppression to give them knowledge of their situation. Oppressed people are cut off from the future without the power of liberation to decide what is next for them in their lives.With liberation a person must be able to question values and oppressed individuals are not able to do this. Being oppressed does not gain moral character because character is not built by suffering. A person cannot say that the y are a strong person because they have been accepting oppression and the suffering that comes with it. A person is strong when they take a stand for their liberation and fight for their own values as well as the liberation of others.However, power is limited within liberation, Beauvoir enforces this by stating that to be free is not to have the power to do anything you like it is to be able to surpass the given toward an open future the existence of others as a freedom defines my situation and is even the condition of my own freedom. (Beauvoir ) Power is a foundation of moral freedom and in order to engage the world a person must have power, but it is a limited power.Not only individuals of the world, but state also has an obligation to ensure that its people have a minimum level of well-being because this is necessary to freely act within the world. External help is needed in order to alleviate oppression and erstwhile an oppressed individual is placed within the presence of fre edom they must pursue freedom for themselves and one cannot force freedom upon them or it would not be recognized as freedom at all. Works cited Beauvoir, S. D. The Works of Simone de Beauvoir. Zuubooks. com, 2010. Print. Marcel, Gabriel. A Gabriel Marcel Reader. 1st edition. St. Augustines Press, 2011. Print.

Air France-KLM as Low-Cost Airline Across Europe Essay Example for Free

Air France-KLM as affordable Airline Across Europe EssayAbstractAirline is an central industrial in European economy, with the liberalization and deregulation of European commercialize, it is filled by a number of small-sized and large-sized airlines, recently, the pretence of scummy cost carriers is widely spread from America to Europe, the succeeder attracts rivals to coiffure line of merchandise postures to enter this commercialize. Air France-KLM in like manner attempts to adopt this outline. This essay pull up stakes do PESTEL and stakeholder theory, as well as corporate social responsibility (CSR) invention to try general surround and specific environment including customers and suppliers. Main ideas are Air France-KLM (FK) should concern CSR behavior especially including social and environmental vista to administer scummy-cost system rather than nevertheless upset economic perspective which is short-circuit-term monetary performance, because it cou ld not bring a sustainable development for friendship. Furtherto a greater extent, FK should adopt operational resilience and strategic resilience under the uncertainty of impulsive environment, and integrate CSR as a organization culture which bequeath become a combative advantage. The general environment synopsis could provide reference for other companies, and analysis of stakeholder theory and CSR concept pass on give a guidance for sustainable development of companies.Air France-KLM is owned by French airline (Air France) and Dutch airline (KLM). It is the largest airline corporation in the world, while the profit is continually diminish in Europe within recent 5 years (Market Line 2014). It is positively seeking a path to maintain competitive stead in European airline trade place. Two largest competitors are Ryanair and EasyJet in Europe who operate low-cost outline which learn from Southwest in US, and they rapidly capture market share. Air France-KLM is planning to use same strategy to compete with them.Environment is a signifi shadowt indicator that influences the operation of personal credit line. It is dynamic and complex, different elements are unified and interacted that bring different influence for present and future activitiesof companies. Analysis of environment usually is divided into macro-environment and micro-environment, they separately cover the general environment and specific tie in environmental factors such as customers, suppliers and regulators (Kew and Stredwick 2005).As Europe is located in a low valley suffering debtor crisis, new transaction model is encouraged to stimulate the economy and transfer risks for government. This essay will evaluate and discuss the low cost strategy Air France-KLM will adopt, firstly, it will analyze the general environment using PESTEL tool, and using Five Forces model and stakeholder theory further seek the issue and factors that layabout help partnership to succeed in a long te rm. Especially, it will explain the importance of corporate social responsibility in business operation. Finally, it is to find the opportunities and brats that company should notice for future success to combines different factors.Air France-KLM is holding by Air France and KLM which is a Dutch airline, the alliance was formed in 2004. The headquarter is located in Paris, and it obeys the French law. Subsequently, it became the largest aeroplane company in terms of revenues in Europe, even over the world. However, the operating profit to Air France-KLM (FK) continually less(prenominal)en from 2012 (MarketLine 2014). Air France-KLM is exploring another strategy to survive in the competitive airline industrial. As BBC reported Alexandre who is CEO of FK claimed company will adopt the Low cost carriers (LCCs) strategy to recover and sustain competitive position in airline industry (Clark 2014).Environmental analysis is an inevitable step to help company identify issues, flexibly an d innovatively solve problems, also assist the strategist to improve the decision making process (Kew and Stredwick 2005). The internal and external environment analysis will be required in order to explore fitness of strategy within the whole business environment and internal capabilities in addition, the analysis on competitive structure of industrial environment and stakeholder will deep explore the important factors for the sustainable development rather than short-term success, especially CSR concept includes social and environmental perspective insteadof simply economic perspective which presents financial profits (Button 2014). FK will better understand the opportunities and threats under the business environment analysis.The characteristics of Low cost carriers are presented on maximum utilization for facilities and economically provide service that customers themselves need. Usually, it has a high seating density, single class configuration, point-to-point services it fre quently uses second-tier airports on cost saving (CAPA 2014). It also keeps a low maintenance and training costs, as well as eases scheduling and takes advantage of bulk purchases to obtain discounts from manufactures (Budd et al 2014). It generates profits from ancillary revenue such as meal, snack and luggage (Budd et al 2014). This model started from America Southwest Airline in 1978. Nowadays, LCCs as a strategy is widely espouse in Latin America and Europe. The combining analysis between the environment and characteristics above will evaluate the low cost strategy of Air France-KLM.PESTEL as a macro-environment analysis tool helps to understand the complex trend of environment. PESTEL includes political, economic, sociological, technological, legal and environmental. The analysis concerns the longitudinal and cross-sectional changes in time line.Firstly, liberalization events in US market significantly impacted other countries (Fu and Oum, 2014). France has high liberalized o perating environment that alter companies to flexibly run any legal business model, it provides environment that FK can practice low cost strategy instead of the whole service provided with high cost (Budd et al 2014). Liberated market will be an advantage for aim of business and increase the market power of company. It is big opportunity that companies can expand their ne twainrk, as FK is an alliance to share strengthen and risks between French and Dutch airplane company (Fu and Oum, 2014).However, high-degree liberalization inevitably bring fierce contest. Additionally, the business model of public-private partnership is dominating the European airlines (Cruz and Marques 2011), especially the privatization process of European airlines is salient, government decreased the stake for business,as French government hold a 16% stake on FK (Stothard and Bryant 2014). As a result, company will obtain less financial support from government, government is able to bear less risk of defic it.Secondly, to considering economic factors, German and France as primary strength motivate the economic convalescence of Europe, French government is bit by bit putting effort to diagnose economic ills (Barber 2014). European countries still have maintained the high unemployment rate since financial crisis occurred in 2008, although it slightly fell in 2014 compared to last year (Statista 2014). Inflation rate had a slight fall in November than that of October, it will be a risk for debtors cod to less revenue from sales, incomes or taxes, and debt problems is serious energy determine is falling as well (BBC Nov 2014).The important social indicators is consumer behavior is gradually changing. The increase number of customers choose the high-speed train for a short journey instead of the airplane as a result of the punctuality and similar price on same time consuming (Dobruszkes 2011). In addition, the strength of unions in this two countries is very high, labour union has un voiced power such as pilots or crews.The impact of engineering science is significant, as the big data time is coming (Mark 2014), companies own the large number of data information about consumer, which will rapidly push the innovation of business, if company can dig and utilize the meaning of data.For the most important environmental and legal analysis, climate change is as one of themes in previous G20 conference and future UN conference will hold in 2015, and it will concentrate on a new put in of Sustainable Development goals and emphasize the multilateral co-operation on a range of vital issues (FT 2014), which implies France should contribute to same goal, and perhaps the more strict regulation will be adopted, for example, CO2 emission. Additionally, the terrorism is serious problem airplane companies is facing.In macro-environment, five forces model can identify and analyze thecompetitive structure of industrial environment. Forces in relation to stakeholders can be discu ssed upon priority. The opportunities and threats will be identified further.Firstly, the intensity of rivalry is high, the large number of competitors in Europe is divided into two strategic streams, one is the large-size airplane such as Lufthansa and British Airway which are seeking path to compete in Europe other delegate group is LCCs including Ryanair and EasyJet. Various business models are emerging under the motivation of liberalized market conditions and internationalization, airline companies could seek partner including other airlines companies and airports to form network for enhancing market power additionally, each European country can operate and switch route freely (Fu and Oum, 2014). In contrast, LCCs provide service for customers who have high catch for price, it rapidly captured the market share as a result of low switching costs for buyers.To considering new entrants, 77% small-size companies failed which learn from LCCs to enter market, because the establishe d companies with strong reputation and first mover advantages, and their size do not enable them to create the economies of scale (Budd et al 2014).Stakeholder theory claims companies should notice the interests of other groups, not only do companies focus on the interests of shareholder which is financial performance (Jensen 2001). Customer have highest power and interests for company, company usually prioritize them into first post employees second, managers third, and shareholders last, harmonize to the hierarchy of interests (Kew and Stredwick 2005).Customers have the most power and the highest interests to organization. From payoff side and demand side of economic perspective, as the analysis of business environment above shows the write out is over than demand, the number of fragmented airlines is more than customers (Budd et al 2014), so that the bargaining power of buyers is powerful, also switching cost is low between airlines. Low-cost strategy of FK is not lucrative in a market with high intensity of rivalry.However, business environment is along uncertainty and dynamics, the growth of Euro area will enable companies to earn the financial obtains as economic perspective. In fact, demand-supply economic perspective is narrow, the increasing demand of LCCs will work to tragedy of the vernacular for suppliers, because suppliers only consider the economic returns compared to inputs, and plunge themselves into price battle ignoring value creation, the more followers will emerge, obtained profits from one unit of input will be gradually decreased with the increasing rivals, and tragedy probably occur. So only economic perspective can not deliver the goods success.CSR thoughts will benefits the long-term development of companies. It takes theme of social and environmental perspective for a sustainable success, maximizing social welfare is an important measure under social perspective, and industrial success is found on sustainable development (Butto n 2014). Resources is limited in the world, when managers make decisions, they should consider to increase the long-run value for firm rather than a short-run financial performance including equity, debt and stock. Ryanair cancel safety cards stuck on the back of the seats, the legal proceeding is debatable. It requires trade off through time, also among different constitutions. When companies give up present cost of a unit for receiving that at some time in the future. As costs of input come from different resources including labour, capital or material purchased.The company with CSR can attract and retain talents and establish the brand image and reputation for companies. The power of suppliers as one force represents inputs, simultaneously, they consist of important stakeholders including suppliers, employees, aircraft manufactures and fuel as well as airports. Firstly, employee as the most important internal stakeholder has high bargaining power within industrial. It is reported from BBC, the pilots of FK struck due to the reduction of their salary when low cost strategy adopted (Stothard and Bryant 2014). As above mentioned, company should not save cost from input to create short term profit, it impaired the interests of employees, employees will bring less output on the contrary, if company can give them more care and welfare, they will create more value, such ascompany can provide training and individual deportment planning to maintain enough talent pool for future development, employee also will return to company through high quality of services and improve the satisfaction of customers.Setting an adverse example, Foxconn as a large manufacturer adopted military management to employees and ignored their normal neexplosive detection system for reducing cost, as a result, employee suicide and reputation of company was impaired, likewise talents are not willing to work here under abnormal management. CSR could be employee and employer relationship, while Legal utilization for employee is only the lowest level of CSR, Low cost strategy with CSR should not only obey legal behavior, but also pursue ethical, economic and philanthropic behavior (Carroll 1991). Aircraft manufacture is another stakeholder group, low cost strategy may squeeze their price and change manufacture process, as FK wants to reduce the weight of seats and increase the intensity of seat.They should co-production with them rather than simply ask them to achieve requirement, otherwise, suppliers will be reluctant to change manufacturing process for FK only. For instance, IKEA uses flat-package for products from manufacturing to selling as core competitive advantage, it desires suppliers of China to satisfy the flat-package manufacturing process, it not only help to nurture production technology, but also provide training programme for employee (Inge and Claes 2011).IKEA maintains the good relationship with suppliers. These ethical and economic CSR behavior will incr ease the wealth of stakeholders, simultaneously, it improves itself production efficiency in value chain. For philanthropic behavior as the highest level, company donates to communities for local better development. Company can collaborate employees to contribute this, such as employee regularly participate volunteering activities for 20 hours each year.Also, as environmental and legal analysis above, CSR perspective can stimulate the innovation and initiative of company. For low-cost strategy, FK can try to innovate new technology or operational methods, such as the use of biofuels and the improvement of CO2 emission disposing.The last force is the threat of substitute, the prevalence of high speed rail as substitute has advantages for a short route. Especially, for businessgroup, they can use telecommunications on high speed train, and company also spend less on business trip. So the business passengers is decreasing. The noisy and pollution are comparative less than airplane. As German aeroplane adopts corporate with high speed rail to compete with LCCs.Based on analysis above, Air France-KLM (FK) adopt low cost strategy, the opportunities and threats can be identified. Liberalized market environment and rapid privatization process provide a favourable condition for development of new model, while they also achieve a high competitive market. It represents other large-sized company also can adopt this model to enter the market. Also, existed competitors with first mover advantages and rich experience, and high speed train as substitutes whose advantages are salient gradually capture the market share for a short-route trip. The insistence of legal environment on CO2 emission and labour union is difficult for operation of FK on low cost strategy. Compared to Ryanair, it ignored the CSR behaviour no matter what level about legal, ethical and philanthropic behaviour. It will be a path for long-term sustainable development for FK.CSR more concern social and en vironmental value that FK could create, it as a large airline company will explore and represent a new and correct path bearing CSR rather than the short development for financial performance, because it will cause tragedy of the common for the whole society, it will more take account of the interests of stakeholders. In detail, it can use biofuel and decrease the CO2 emission, also maintain good relationship with customers and employee, as well as suppliers. Catching the development of technology, FK should utilize the big data to dig needs of customers to innovate the business model. Under the turbulence of terrorism, European countries can corporate together to resist it for the whole society.French domestic CSR policy as a national competitive advantage will support this business model of FK (France Diplomatie 2014), as investment in CSR while it is difficult to receive profit in short-term, so perhaps FK could reduce the short-term financial pressure from support of government. So the policy of government is consistent with corporate strategy will be helpful. A differentiated low-cost strategy could be adopted by FK.CSR can be a culture of company as a competitive advantage to position itself in market, so that it will ceaselessly stimulate the innovation and learning of organization, and maintain effective human resources management such as attracting and retaining talents. Organization should consider the knowledge management through technology to advocate CSR concept to every internal and external stakeholders in order to better achieve CSR activities.In addition, FK as one of large-size companies, it has enough experience and strengths to compete with other LCCs, even though they have first mover advantages in terms of reputation and economics of scale. On the other hand, as a large-size company has solid organizational institution and vested interested group so that the strategy change of organization is not easy. As the growth of Euro area with unc ertainty lead to bigger risk FK will face (Cadman and Giles 2014), it indicates FK should concern the operational resilience and strategic resilience, once it suffers the unexpected adversity.In conclusion, under the analysis of complex and dynamic environment, Air France-KLM should adopt a differentiated low cost strategy. The economic and political market environment with high-degree liberalization and privatization will provide conditions for the development of business model, also increase the market competition due to a large number of rivals emerging under deregulation.Ryanair and EasyJet with first mover advantages have captured the large market share, also they have accumulated more experience, but the weakness of rivals and trend of environment such as regulation on CO2 emission and sustainable development indicate FK should bear responsibility to seek another path, which more concern the interests of stakeholders, CSR behaviour and activities to create long-term value such as the use of biofuel. At the same time, FK can integrate CSR as a culture, also a competitive advantage in order to continually motivate itself to innovation and learning, also improve the effectiveness of human resources management.The development of technology will require FK to utilize data to dig needs ofcustomers to innovate the business model in big data time. European countries also need to corporate together to resist it for common society under the turbulence of terrorism. Uncertainty of environment also require company have operational resilience and strategic resilience, once it suffers the unexpected adversity.ReferencesAir France-KLM S.A. company profile, (2014) Market Line Online Available from http//0-eds.b.ebscohost.com.pugwash.lib.warwick.ac.uk/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=172f9c2f-747f-4b99-9c37-34a375aa6a06%40sessionmgr110vid=1hid=114 Accessed 15 Dec 2014BBC 2014 Eurozone inflation rate falls to 0.3% BBC 28.Nov. 2014 Online Available from http//www.bbc.co.uk/news /business-30243113 Accessed 15 Dec 2014Barber, T., (2014) France shows courage in diagnosing its economic ills, FT, 22,Dec, 2014 Online Available from http//www.ft.com/cms/s/0/a364d628-86cd-11e4-8a51-00144feabdc0.html?siteedition=ukaxzz3Nmt1hzwF Accessed 15 Dec 2014Button, K., (2012) Low-cost airlines a failed business model? Transportation Journal, Vol, 5. No.2, pp197-219 Online Available from http//0-muse.jhu.edu.pugwash.lib.warwick.ac.uk/journals/transportation_journal/v051/51.2.button.html Accessed 15 Dec 2014Budd et al (2014) Grounded Characterising the market exit of European low cost airlines Journal of Air Transport Management Vol, 34, pp78-85 Online Available fromhttp//0-www.sciencedirect.com.pugwash.lib.warwick.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0969699713001129 Accessed 15 Dec 2014CAPA 2014 Online Available from http//centreforaviation.com/profiles/hot-issues/low-cost-carriers-lccsAccessed 15 Dec 2014Cruz. C.O., and Marques. R.C., (2011) division to the study of PPP arrangements in airport development, management and operation. Transport policy Vol.18 pp392-400 Online Available from http//0-www.sciencedirect.com.pugwash.lib.warwick.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0967070X10001460 Accessed 15 Dec 2014Carroll, A., (1991) The Pyramid of Corporate hearty Responsibility. Business Horizons, 42 39-48 Kew. J. and Stredwick J. (2005) Business environment managing in a strategic context. London The Cromwell PressClark. N 2014 Air France-KLM Restructuring Puts New Focus on Its Low-Cost Airline The New York Times 11. Sept. 2014 Online Available from http//www.nytimes.com/2014/09/12/business/international/air-france-klm-restructuring-puts-new-focus-on-its-low-cost-airline.html?_r=1 Accessed 15 Dec 2014Dobruszkes F. (2011) high-speed rail and air transport competition in western Europe a supply-oriented perspective. Transport policy Vol.18 pp.870-879Fu. X.W., Oum, T.H., 2014 Air Transport Liberalization and its Effects on Airline Competition and Traffic harvest-feast An O verview In The Economics of International Airline Transport. Vol, 4 pp11-44 Online Available from http//dx.doi.org/10.1108/S2212-160920140000004000 Accessed 15 Dec 2014 France Diplomatie 2014 Online Available from http//www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-policy-1/economic-diplomacy/corporate-social-responsibility/france-s-domestic-csr-policy/ Accessed 15 Dec 2014 Inge, I and Claes, G.A., 2011 Upgrading in global value-chains a case study of technology-learning among IKEA-suppliers in China and Southeast Asia Journal of Economic Geography 11 (2011) pp. 731752Jensen. M.C., (2001) Value maximization, stakeholder theory, and the corporate objective function European financial management Vol.7 No.3 pp297-317 Online Available from

Hamlet And The Theories Of Tragedy

Hamlet And The Theories Of tragedyShakespe ares Hamlet includes various theories and elements of tragedy, of which two go out be discussed in this essay. Shakespeare addresses Aristotles theory of tragedy, solely he challenges the theory in humanityy aspects through setting, spell, and character. Shakespeare seems to heavily incorporate the wheel of raft theory of tragedy, mostly through the character Hamlet.Aristotle, who is concerned with formal intro of tragic plays, defines tragedy as a representation of an action that is worth stark attention, complete in itself, and of some amplitude in language enriched by a variety of artistic devices appropriate to the several parts of the play presented in the form of action, non narration by means of mercy and business bringing about the purgation of such emotion. (Aristotle 38 9) Shakespeare employs character and plot in order to create an atmosphere that is unsettling and dark, which instead of conjuring fear and pity instead sets up an atmosphere rank with revenge. In this demeanor, Hamlet does not follow Aristotles definition of tragedy. Another of the ways Aristotle characterizes tragedy is through The noble actions and the deportment of noble persons (Aristotle 35). According to Aristotle, Hamlet should be a noble person committing noble actions. This is better represented in the scene where Hamlet refuses to kill Claudius during prayer. This becomes the good enough turn point for Hamlet, where he truly becomes an ignoble person, saying he wants Claudius Soul may be damned and black/ As hell, whereto it goes. Hamlet truly wants Claudius to hold up in the worst possible manner, and in doing so Hamlet falls from nobility.Aristotle also believed heroes are First and foremost good (Aristotle 51). Hamlet does contemplate good and evil frequently, but ultimately Hamlet fall from the path of goodness. Fortinbras may have been the kind of hero Aristotle characterizes, but Fortinbras is not a tragic cha racter. The plot events with which Aristotle disagrees give meaning to Hamlets theme. Shakespeare intentionally portrays many characters unheroic. For example, Hamlet does not fragility Ophelia well, but at the same time Ophelias unwavering loyalty to her father causes her to treat Hamlet heavy(a)ly. Both characters invoke disgust from the reader from their ignoble actions. The only characters who act somewhat heroic are Horatio and Fortinbras. Interestingly, these are the only two characters who survive, so Shakespeare may be making some kind of commentary on Aristotles tragic hero.Another theory of tragedy has to do with the wheel of fortune. This kind of Tragedy was perceived as a reversal of fortune, a fall from a high position. This view of tragedy derives from the Medieval construct of fortune, which was personified as Dame Fortune, a blindfolded woman who turned a wheel at whim men were stationed at various places on the wheelthe top of the wheel represented the best fortun e, being under the wheel the worst fortune. However, the wheel could turn suddenly and the man on top could suddenly be under the wheel, without warning. (Landmarks of Literature)There are many instances where Shakespeare incorporates these elements of tragedy into Hamlet. At the beginning of the play, Horatio cries out to the Ghost, Speak to me If thou art privy to thy countrys fate, / Which, happily, foreknowing may avoid, / O, speak Horatios outburst suggests that fate isnt inevitable, but preferably Horatio indicates that the Ghost is a bad omen, just like in Rome before the mightiest Julius fell and the graves stood tenantless and the sheeted dead/ Did squeak and gibber in the popish streets. Horatios conception of fate embodies the fate of the the entire country, not the individual.In response to a comment about how mens faults can ruin reputations, Hamlet responds by saying, Carrying, I say, the stamp of one defect/ Being natures livery or fortunes star/ Their virtues else- be they pure as grace/ As infinite as man may undergo/ Shall in the general censure take corruption/ From that particular fault. Hamlet establishes his view of fate and bad character with this claim he thinks you are either born with bad qualities or you acquire them through the environment (through no device of your own), but its not something that a person is in control of rather it is something that simply happens to a person, and there is no way to avoid it.Later in this scene Hamlet exclaims, My fate cries out, / And makes each petite artery in this body / As hardy as the Nemean lions nerve. Hamlet believes it is his fate to follow the ghost, and because it is his fate he is given the strength and vigor with which to do it.Hamlet asks Rosencrantz and Guildenstern how they are, and Guildenstern answers, Happy, in that we are not over-happy, on fortunes cap we are not the very button. This is a waggery that implies that Guildenstern and Rosencrantz live in Fortunes privates Th is joke implies that Fortune is a whore. Later in the same scene, the idea that Fortune is a whore comes up again in a more serious tone. During a play, Hamlet asks the First Player to recite the piece of the death of Priam. Afterwards, the player commentsOut, out, thou strumpet, Fortune All you gods,In general synod take international her powerBreak all the spokes and fellies from her wheel,And bowl the round nave down the hill of heaven,As low as to the fiends (2.2.493-497)The player is asking the gods to break Fortunes wheel and axial rotation her down to hell. The idea is that our destinies are merely random, when people try to climb on top of the wheel it may simply move and the person on top becomes the one being crushed by the wheel. The First Players speech calls for a fate ruled by something other than Fortune.Hamlets third soliloquy suggests that fortune is simply out to hurt you and questioning whether it is even worth it to challenge the wheel of fortune To be, or not to be that is the question / Whether tis nobler in the brainpower to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, / Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, / And by opposing end them?Before the play The Murder of Gonzago, Hamlet stands merely with Horatio and commends him as A man that Fortunes buffets and rewards / Hast taen with equal thanks. Hamlet goes on to praise Horatio for not becoming a pipe for Fortunes finger to play Hamlet appears covetous of Horatio, praising him for a quality that Hamlet himself lacks. Hamlet sees himself as passions slave, a person who cannot maintain a stable identity or sense of self.In The Murder of Gonzago the Player King tells his wife that he hopes when he dies she will find a good man and remarry. The wife promises vehemently she will not find another husband after his death, to which the king responds This world is not for aye, nor tis not strange / That even our loves should with our fortunes change. The king points out that a man who has been favour by fortune could just as easily lose his fortune, and with it his friends, money, wife, etc. The king doesnt address it as though it is something to be deplored, but simply the way of life and something that needs to be accepted, because Our wills and fates do so contrary run / That our devices still are overthrown / Our thoughts are ours, their ends none of our own. In the end, the king is right, and the wife quick remarries after the kings death.After Polonius has been stabbed, Hamlet says to the body, take thy fortune / Thou findst to be too busy is some danger. Hamlet believes Polonius fortune was not simply bad luck Hamlet believes Polonius brought his own bad luck upon himself and had earned his own death. Later in the same scene, Hamlet says, For this same lord, / I do atone but heaven hath pleased it so, / To punish me with this and this with me, / That I must be their scourge and minister. According to this view of things, Polonius death is not an accident at all, but part of a divine plan.In the last scene of the play, Hamlet writes to Horatio about how he found his own death warrant. Hamlet said he was sneaking around and told Horatio, let us know, / Our indiscretion sometimes serves us well, / When our deep plots do pall and that should teach us / Theres a divinity that shapes our ends, / rough-hew them how we will. Hamlet suggests that even though something may look random it could be part of a plan that will turn out for the better. Then, later, Hamlet repeats the concept Horatio asks how Hamlet could have possibly sealed a new warrant with the kings seal. Hamlet replies, Why, even in that was heaven ordinant and explains that Hamlet had his fathers signet by chance and apply it to make the seal. Even later in the scene, right before the final fencing duel, Hamlet says that everything is ill in his heart. He doesnt hint that this feeling is precognitive of his own death in any way, but when Horatio offers to call off the fencing match, Hamlet speaks as though he knows hes about to dienot a whit, we defy augury theres a specialprovidence in the fall of a sparrow. If it be now,tis not to come if it be not to come, it will benow if it be not now, yet it will come thereadiness is all since no man has aught of what heleaves, what ist to leave early on? Let be.In another view of this revenge tragedy, Hamlet is the player of a Senecan tragedy. He is involved in a sensational mutilate scene, commanded by a Senecan ghost desiring revenge, and after hampered by court intrigue, resorts to feigned madness. Since apparitions are known to tell half-truths to deceive people, Hamlet is given counsel without a resolute plan. For majority of the play, he acts with passion and indecision and he proceeds with the ghosts wishes as his adversary allows. And, for the most part, only Claudius, Hamlet, and Horatio know the action of revenge. (Landmarks of Literature)news Count 1837

Introduction To The Impact Of Violence In Video Games Media Essay

Introduction To The Impact Of Violence In Video Games Media Essay provided like movies and other forms of media, tv games have always been criticized as an influence to violent and aggressive behavior by news fall guy media and public opinion. on that point has always been an argument about idiot box games imparting graphic military unit, partial or full nudity, portrayal of immoral behavior or other fire and offensive material to a childs mind.Studies indicate that video games are one of the prime factors contributing to addiction and aggression. Yet numerous studies have found that video games dont contribute to these problems. Moreover, several groups have claimed that there are few if any methodically proven studies to support these reports, and that the video game industry has become an at large(p) target for the media to be accountable for many contemporary problems. Also, many researchers have proposed possible positive effects of video games on parts of communal and cordial development and psychological well-being. It has been presented that action video game players have far better hand and eye coordination and visual and motor skills, much(prenominal) as their shelter to distraction and their sensitivity to information in the outlying vision and also their ability to count briefly presented objects than non-players.Purpose of force in video gamesI believe that today our media reflects us as a culture. Besides that it also helps form that culture in turn. Humanity embraces violence, as shown by thousands and thousands of years of history. We disposition peace while formulating war. Its a very human contrast. Why, then, wouldnt our most popular pastime involve the same clash? We want innovation nevertheless we alleviate seek out the experiential violence that we hanker as a species. I also believe that its far better to allow ourselves to shoot each other online in simulated virtual worlds than do so in real life.As I have explored video g aming as a cultural occurrence, Ive found that every players experience of games is completely different. My own non-violent trends color my responsiveness of games that are explicit in their subjects of war and violence and cruelty. I am not stating that i dont see the significance in such games, particularly when takinginto account the existing modern culture. What has been an excellent instrument to exhibit how societies visit and express themselves are written media, characterizations and novels which expresses war, death , life and what it worth to be a human. I feel Video games are no different. They are attain to a certain critical mass, in terms of technological ability and thematic scope that, I believe, will compete with the range and wallop of film and books in a very short span of time. Hopefully, videogames mature into their full potential as a media and they begin to take on other themes and topics such as Love, and family, and working together in society as much a part of being a human as war and violence. job StatementPurpose of DissertationI am writing this dissertation to display how video games have matured, switching from the days of gentlePac-Manclones to the gritty, sleazy underworlds of wonderful Theft Auto. Through this transformation, they have found critics and supporters. Though this may all seem recent, its a debate that has been boiling for years.Research QuestionsWhat is the role of video games in the media world?With what can we evaluate the violence exposure and aggression?How is the attitude of viewers and players changing their values and behavior?What ways can help the content of gaming to be free of negative impact?Is there a significant evidence that exposure to media violence is a risk factor for aggressive and violent behavior?What is the conclusion of the issue of violence in relation to videogames?What effect does the violence in video games have on the users?What percentage of violence is accredited to video games ?MethodologyContentsAboutOn Existing InformationPractical ApproachAboutThis dissertations main object is to show the impact of violence in video games on todays culture and consumer preferences. The document will show both the negative and positive effects of violence in video games.On Existing InformationIt is made sure that all the information gathered through various electronic and traditional media are as authorized as possible. For this dissertation Ive used Google as my prime source material, while supplementing this thesis are various news websites like CNN.com, NYtimes.com and various relevant print media.Further more I would be researching books on video game violence and collect data from the already existing surveys and studies.Practical ApproachMy access would be to show how violence in videogames shape the psychological behavior of the consumer and show what are the positive and negative effects of too much violence and graphic themes in modern day video games.I would be conducting various surveys and research on ground level, and based on most watercourse controversial events that have occurred in the world of video games. Based on the demography of the recipient I would be taking some surveys that would have read them their preferences and inclination towards graphic violence, nudity, gore etc.

Strengths weaknesses and the strategy of IKEA

Strengths weaknesses and the strategy of IKEAIKEA is the worlds largest home-furnishing retailer. It was founded in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad in Sweden. In terms of scope, IKEA is designed for the t exclusivelyy home environment, in order to offer furnishings and fittings for every part of the home, both in- and out of doors. With the vision To create a better everyday life for the many another(prenominal) people, it offers a wide range of rise designed, functional home furnishing products at outlays so miserable that as many people as possible leave al wizard be able to afford them. (IKEA.com). From it first store in Sweden, today, there are over 300 IKEA stores in 39 countries, with turnover in 2009 of much than 22.7 one thousand million. According to Forbes Magazine, Ingvar Kamprad, now in his eighties, is the 11th-wealthiest person in the world, with a fortune estimated at U.S. $23 billion in 2010. (Mary Albon, The Sun Never Sets on IKEA, 2010). I would like to address some issues to understand to a greater extent about IKEA conquest as followsSince its establishment, IKEA has always taken care of people and the environment as it stated on its vision. That is the reason why in manufacturing process, IKEA tries its best to have a better use of both raw materials and energy. They even have a brochure presenting a brief overview of how the IKEA groups work to in a high sense of responsibility to people and environment. We also can easily see how much they vex people and the environment by knowing IKEA stakeholders. Like other dividing line organisations, the stakeholders who have high power and high interest are Inter IKEA ashes BV, investors and customers. However to me the most impressive and important stakeholders of IKEA are environmental organisations of which IKEA Group also is a member such asBCI, Better Cotton Initiative, aims to grow measurable improvements in the key environmental and favorable cushions of cotton cultivation worldwide. (IKEA.com)Building and Wood Workers Inter national (BWI) is the Global Union Federation of democratic and broad trade unions, protecting more(prenominal) than 12 million members in 350 trade unions around the world in the building, building materials, wood, forestry and allied industries. IKEA and BWI meet frequently to commutation experience and discuss working conditions and social responsibility. (IKEA.com)The IKEA Group is member of BSR and has an representative on the board is a planetary, non-profit organization that helps member companies achieve business success while respecting ethical values, people, communities and the environment. BSR provides information, tools, training and advisory services to make unified social responsibility an integral part of business operations and strategies. (IKEA.com)Clean dispatch Working Group (CCWG) which is working to promote sustainable product fareation. (IKEA.com)European Retailers Round Table (ERRT) which is Focus for activitie s include consumer protection, food safety, environmental issues, corporate social responsibility and trade issues Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) (IKEA.com)Refrigerants Naturally is a United Nations initiative acting as a catalyst, advocate, educator and facilitator to promote the wise and sustainable ontogeny of the worldwide environment. (IKEA.com)The Network for Transport and Environment (NTM), aiming to establish a common base of values on how to calculate the environmental performance of various modes of transport (IKEA.com)And IKEA also is the partner ofIKEA Foundation and UNICEF are long term partners working together on both a global and local level (IKEA.com)WWF and IKEA co-operate on projects which focus on sustainable forestry, sustainable cotton production and climate change (IKEA.com)During working and sharing experience with these organizations, IKEA not only has better experience about social responsibilities but also has built its reputation of creation green.I n 2010 and beyond, the world miserliness would be a key issue to feign Ikeas business. IKEA and other companies in the world had to face the worse economic situation since many decades as its financial sector was deeply in crisis and then the global economy was felt into the depth of recession. The world economic suppuration reached only 1.1 % if compared to about 5% in previous geezerhood (VietnamPlus and World Economy, n.d). However, the world economy improved in 2010 with the economic maturation increased to 4.2% as the economy of the United States of America is expected to grow by 2.1 per cent in 2010, future(a) an estimated downturn of 2.5 per cent in 2009. Recovery in both the European Union (EU) and Japan is projected to be much weaker, reaching GDP growth of no more than 0.5 and 0.9 per cent, respectively, in 2010. At this pace of recovery, the major developed economies are not expected to provide a strong impetus to global growth in the near term (World Economic Situa tion and Prospects 2010 Global outlook, p.2). Nevertheless, the UN stresses that the recovery is uneven and conditions for sustained growth remain Fragile. In 2010, global growth will remain below potential and unemployment will stay high ( p.1 ). Though the situation was still difficult because fewer people have move home but the company sales increased 7.7% in 2010 compared to fiscal year 2009 is surprised outcome.The company also faces increased competition of other competitors all over the world. For example, it is ddifficult to sustain good design case products at low cost when the number of competitors keep increasing e.g. In the US, Kmart, Target Corp, Fly in France and Japan Nitori Co in Japan (Ikea case study). In particular sales case, competition cut Ikea sales in UK as profits dropped to 17 million to August 2009, according to documents filed at Companies House closing week. Sales fell 1.4 per cent to 1.23 billion. The company has reported falling profits for five ye ars and falling sales for three years in Britain. Ikea has come under increasing pressure from DIY retailers that are selling more home furnishings, as thoroughly as growing competition from supermarkets (Neil Craven, daily mail, n.d)IKEA is positioning as a cost leader of home furnishing retailers. Ikea states firmly its market position by a statement that Your partner in better living. We do our part, you do yours. Together we save money (Ikea Portal, Student Info, n.d). It is clear to see that IKEA is regarded as low price products with high quality by using inexpensive materials in a novel way and minimizing production, dissemination and retail costs, customers benefit from low prices. This cost leadership has been making IKEA differently from other competitors. Due to high inflation increasing every year, it is hard to find any other companies who can announce that last year our price is 8.99 euros, this year 4.90 euros or 10 year ago 260 euros, today 169 euros (Ikea Welcome inside 2010, p.20). Ikea has been making it for many decades.Low prices are one of the cornerstones of the IKEA concept and help to make customers want to buy from IKEA. This low price strategy is coupled with a wide range of rise designed, functional products. IKEAs products add for every lifestyle and life stage of its customers, who come from all age groups and types of households. This is vital in times when the retail sector is depressed, as it increases IKEAs potential market. objet dart the price of other companies products tends to rise over time, Ikea says it has slued its retail prices by a total of about 20 percent during the past four years. Ikeas corporate mantra is Low price with meaning. The goal is to make things less expensive without ever making customers feel cheap. Striking that balance demands a special kind of design, manufacturing, and distribution expertise. But IKEA pulls it off in its own distinctive way tastefully, methodically, even cheerfully, and ye t somehow differently than any other company anywhere. Lisa Magonelly therefore presents get hold of to how IKEA designs, builds, and distributes the furniture that the entire world wants to buy.Based on low prices strategy, IKEAs segmentation is targeting to young low and middle-income family who are willing to do a little bend of work serving themselves, transporting the items home and assembling the furniture for a better price. IKEA offers customer experiencing in actively involve in shopping at its stores. Definitely, customers conflict contributes to IKEA low prices.To explore the successful of the IKEA, analyzing its opportunities and threats is an essential. Before looking at the opportunities of IKEA, we can come over its strengths. First of all, Brand is one of the most important that IKEA has. It is already a global brand therefore it will be a very attracted factor to customers because it like a promise to customers that where ever they are, they will be provided the s ame quality. Second strength is its vision to create a better everyday life for many people. The concept that offers a wide rage of well designed and functional home furnishing products at the inexpensive prices is the third strength. Fourth is the sustainability is fully-integrated into all business strategies.The IKEAs strengths bring its opportunities, especially in this dedicate, people more and more care a bout a sustainable environment. By caring about environment, people will care about Green products and IKEA has reputation of being green so that its products will be their choices. IKEA shows their care about environment clearly on its statementEach and every one of our business strategies whether local, national or global must now clearly and systematically integrate sustainability as a part of everyday operations. I see this as a milestone. It will help us move forward in our relentless work with the many challenges we have to solve on our route to becoming a sustainable company. (Greeneconomics.com)As a member of number of environmental organizations enables IKEA to work with sustainability in different waysIKEA reduced overall CO2 emissions by 5% in FY 2009. The company plans on participating in the Greenhouse Gas Protocol in 2010. (Greeneconomics.com)The company has a pilot program with select suppliers to reduce energy consumption by 30% or more by 2011. (Greeneconomics.com)IKEA has also started four new climate change projects with the WWF, which will focus on measuring supply chain emissions, helping our customers tackle climate change through transport initiatives, reducing emissions from IKEA food product transport, and improving the reuse and cycle of used products. (Greeneconomics.com)One climate change project is to install solar panels in 150 of its stores, with the long-term goal of supplying all buildings with 100% renewable energy. (Greeneconomics.com)Because of the economic downturn, customers tend to be looking for products with l ow prices than expensive one. The excellent thing to be come IKEA customer is you can buy good things with well designed and good quality but inexpensive prices. It means that, even the economic crisis, the demands for IKEA products still raising and the turnover also high more than 22.7 billion in 2009 (Mary Albon, The Sun Never Sets on IKEA, 2010).However the strengths and opportunities of IKEA can also drive the organisation to its weaknesses. IKEA with hundreds stores in different countries is really hard to control the quality as well as the standard of the products and services. The low cost is a strength however in the management aspects it is not easy to control the low cost but keep the standard of quality in the same time.The threats that IKEA is facing areThe competition in the retails market there are more and more organsations have strategy of producing products with high quality with reasonable prices. They will become competitors of IKEA so this will be one of the mai n factors can impact to IKEA.The economics down turn in 2010 and will continues in 2011 makes the disposable income decrease but the living expense is rising. This will definitely affect the business operation of IKEA.By analyzing these factors IKEA can have plan to reduce the threats and take advantage of the opportunities.

Growth and Maturation in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Iwein Essa

Growth and Maturation in Sir Gawain and the blue jet entitle and Iwein The Arthurian legends of Iwein and Gawain and the Green Knight are two examples of the medieval initiation story a tale in which a personality, usually in puberty or young adulthood, leaves foot to seek adventures and, in the process, maturity. Through the course of their adventures, including a meeting with the man of the wilderness, temptations at the hands of women, and a permanent physical or mental wounding, the character grows from adolescent awkwardness and foolishness to the full potential knightly honor. While two Arthurian legends fit this format, the depth of character development, specifically in ground of relationships, is vastly different. Whereas Gawain and the Green Knight does little more with relationships than demonstrate the evils of female temptations, Iwein effectively explores the formation, destruction, and resurrection of numerous male and female relationships. In order to understand the meaning of Hartmann von Aues development of relationships in Iwein, its important to first understand the nature of a typical initiation story. Initiation stories almost always deal with the development of a single character by means of the course of the story the single character is developed and matured. The meeting with the man of the wilderness and the female temptress may both involve other characters, but in both situations the relationship is used to develop the initiation story. In Iwein, Hartmann uses the growing maturity being developed through the initiation story as a forum for the relationships of the characters indeed, the focal point of Iwein is less the initiation of the main character than the effect his initiation has on his ... ... the Green Knight A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs. NJ Prentice Hall, Inc., 1968. Hatto, A. T., gen. ed. Heroes and Heroines. Traditions of Heroic and Epic Poetry. Volume Two Characteristics and Techniques. London The Modern Humanities Research Association, 1989. Hartmann von Aue Iwein Trans. Sheema Zeben Buehne young York, F. Ungar 1966.Hupp, Bernard F. The Concept of the Hero in the Early Middle Ages. Concepts of the Hero in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Eds. Norman T. Burns & Christopher J. Reagan. Albany State University of New York Press, 1975. Krstovic, Jelena O, ed. Introduction to Hartmann von Aue. immaculate and Medieval Literature Criticism. Detroit Gale Research Inc., 1993. Moorman, Charles. A Knyght There Was The Evolution of the Knight in Literature. Lexington University of Kentucky Press, 1967.

Operations Management Essay -- Business

trading operations Management The purpose of this theme is to describe the importance of operations focus to a wellness c ar organization. In addition, the author of this paper will provide a personal explanation of what operations commission means and why is important to a health dole out organization.According to the fetch of operations ManagementThe cost of providing fast, reliable health care is always an emotive issue, but it has been brought to the fore again via the Gershon report, which is contend the established Health Care Supply Chain. As a precursor to more specific events that look at how operations maintainment can bear on practiti angiotensin-converting enzymers make best use of additional funding to improve patient care and raise the working lives of Health Care Professionals. The essential healthcare management functions are organized into three major groups of activities governing, caring, and learning with a focus on scope excellence in community heal thcare. Within these activities, each organization is described in terms of what it moldiness do to make the whole system effective. Implementing and sustaining shift is one of the most difficult tasks for any management -but variety is a fact of life in any modern enterprise and, without the ability to manage transmit, no company can hope to survive it. Operations Managers addresses the practical issues that surround planning and implementing change, including motivating a business to change, engaging staff in the change process, determining performance measures and sustaining the benefits achieved in the initial change process.According to Stevenson (2002),operations management is the management of that part of an organization that is amenable for producing goods and/or services. Operations management is that part of a business organization responsible for planning and coordinating the use of the organizations resources to convert inputs into outputs. The operations function i s one of three primary functions of business organizations the other two are marketing and finance. The operations function is present in both service-oriented and product-oriented organizations. Operations decisions involve determination decisions and operating decisions. Design decisions relate to capacity planning, product design, process design, layout of facilities, and selecting locations for facilities. Operating decisions relate to quality ass... ...tal agencies, lawyers, and many others. Attention to the needs of the customers will always detain the focus of the effective operations manager. (Henderson, 1995)Finally, effective operations managers must realize that short-term gains at the expense of their partners (e.g., patients, physicians, payers) will almost certainly translate into long difficulty. As we move toward a more effective auction pitch system with less demand for resources, we will see vast shifts in how care is delivered. (Henderson, 1995)In conclusion, the author of this paper has described the importance of operations management to a health care organization. In addition, the author of this paper has provided a personal translation of what operations management means and why is important to a healthcare organization.ReferencesHenderson, M. D. (1995) Operations management in health care. Journal of health care finance. mod York Vol.21, Iss. 3 pg. 44, 4 pgsStevenson, W. J. (2002). Operations management (7th ed.). New York McGraw-Hill. The Institute of Operations Management. Management in the health care supply chain. Retrieved September 10, 2005, from http//www.iomnet.org.uk/ Operations Management Essay -- Business Operations Management The purpose of this paper is to describe the importance of operations management to a health care organization. In addition, the author of this paper will provide a personal definition of what operations management means and why is important to a healthcare organization.According to the Institute of Operations ManagementThe cost of providing fast, reliable health care is always an emotive issue, but it has been brought to the fore again via the Gershon report, which is challenging the established Health Care Supply Chain. As a precursor to more specific events that look at how operations management can help practitioners make best use of additional funding to improve patient care and enhance the working lives of Health Care Professionals. The essential healthcare management functions are organized into three major groups of activities governing, caring, and learning with a focus on reaching excellence in community healthcare. Within these activities, each system is described in terms of what it must do to make the whole system effective. Implementing and sustaining change is one of the most difficult tasks for any management -but change is a fact of life in any modern enterprise and, without the ability to manage change, no company can hope to survive it. Op erations Managers addresses the practical issues that surround planning and implementing change, including motivating a business to change, engaging staff in the change process, determining performance measures and sustaining the benefits achieved in the initial change process.According to Stevenson (2002),operations management is the management of that part of an organization that is responsible for producing goods and/or services. Operations management is that part of a business organization responsible for planning and coordinating the use of the organizations resources to convert inputs into outputs. The operations function is one of three primary functions of business organizations the other two are marketing and finance. The operations function is present in both service-oriented and product-oriented organizations. Operations decisions involve design decisions and operating decisions. Design decisions relate to capacity planning, product design, process design, layout of facil ities, and selecting locations for facilities. Operating decisions relate to quality ass... ...tal agencies, lawyers, and many others. Attention to the needs of the customers will always remain the focus of the effective operations manager. (Henderson, 1995)Finally, effective operations managers must realize that short-term gains at the expense of their partners (e.g., patients, physicians, payers) will almost certainly translate into long-term difficulty. As we move toward a more effective delivery system with less demand for resources, we will see vast shifts in how care is delivered. (Henderson, 1995)In conclusion, the author of this paper has described the importance of operations management to a health care organization. In addition, the author of this paper has provided a personal definition of what operations management means and why is important to a healthcare organization.ReferencesHenderson, M. D. (1995) Operations management in health care. Journal of health care financ e. New York Vol.21, Iss. 3 pg. 44, 4 pgsStevenson, W. J. (2002). Operations management (7th ed.). New York McGraw-Hill. The Institute of Operations Management. Management in the health care supply chain. Retrieved September 10, 2005, from http//www.iomnet.org.uk/